Laser beam welding

Laser beam welding Introduction: Laser Beam Welding â€Å"LBW† is a contemporary welding process that is a high energy beam that continues to expand into new industries and new applications because of its advantages like deep welding and reduced heat inputs. Profound Manufacturers sought to automate the welding process caused the expansion of the laser beam welding process to include computers and more sophisticated technology to increase the product quality and more accurate control of the welding process. From More than 20 years ago, when laser welding was in its early life was used primarily for bizarre applications where no other welding process would be suitable. Nowadays, laser welding is an imperative part of the metal toil industry. How It Works: The Focal point is aimed on the work piece surface that will be welded. At the surface the large concentration of light energy is converted into thermal energy. The surface of the work piece starts melting and steps forward through it by surface conductance. For welding process, the beam energy is maintained below the vaporization temperature of the material. In Fig. 1 the laser beam is directed on the work piece. â€Å"To the point that the laser beam contacts the work piece, all the components that direct it are transparent, refractive or reflective, absorbing only small amounts of energy from the ultraviolet light.† The laser power supply is capable of delivering a pulse of light that has accurate and repeatable energy and duration. When the pulse of laser energy is focused into a small spot at the surface of the work piece, the energy density becomes enormous. The light is engrossed by the work piece, causing a keyhole effect as the focused beam drills into, vaporizes and melts some of the metal. As described in fig. 2. As the pulse ends, the liquefied metal around the keyhole flows back in, solidifying and creating a small spot weld, moving the work piece or the laser emitter along the surface of the work piece creates a series or spot weld that is called a â€Å"seam†. Similarities And Differences To Other Welding Processes When compared to other welding processes, laser welding has some similar as well as some unique characteristics Like GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding), laser welding is a fusion process performed under inert cover gas, where filler material is most times not added. Like electron beam welding, Laser welding is a high energy density beam process, where energy is targeted directly on the workpiece. Laser differs from both GTAW and EB (electron beam) welding in that it does not require that the workpiece complete an electrical circuit. And since electron beam welding must be performed inside a vacuum chamber, laser welding can almost always offer a cost advantage over EB in both tooling and production pricing. Advantages Of Laser Welding One of the largest advantages that pulsed laser welding offers is the minimal amount of heat that is added during processing. The repeated pulsing of the beam allows for cooling between each spot weld, resulting in a very small heat affected zone. This makes laser welding ideal for thin sections or products that require welding near electronics or glass-to-metal seals. Low heat input, combined with an optical (not electrical) process, also means greater flexibility in tooling design and materials. Industries Served: 1- Aerospace. 2- Defense/military. 3- Electronics. 4- Research development. 5- Medical. 6- Sensors instrumentation. 7- Petrochemical refining. 8- Communications energy. Laser Safety â€Å"Lasers emit a very concentrated beam that can be visible or invisible. In general, most lasers used for welding are invisible. This beam of infrared light could focus onto the skin or eye unless safety precautions are observed. Industrial laser systems are fully interlocked to prevent any danger to operators. Most are equipped with National Center for Devices and Radiological Health covers that contain the actual laser operation, permitting people working nearby to perform normally.† With proper design and careful precautions, laser systems are no more dangerous than other welding systems or similar machine tools.

Comparing the Impact of Colonization in A Small Place, A Passage to Ind

Impact of British Colonization Exposed in A Small Place, A Passage to India, and Robinson Crusoe British colonialism began in the early fifteen hundreds and even continues today with the British rule of the British Virgin Islands.   For centuries, literature has served as a type of historical documentation of colonization as many authors wrote about colonization from both a colonized and a colonizer's point of view. During colonization, and post-colonization, the physical environment of each colony was changed. Using references to A Small Place, A Passage to India, and Robinson Crusoe, I will provide examples of the physical changes to the colonized societies made by England and discuss the reactions of the colonized people. Jamaica Kincade is quoted as saying "The English loved England so much they built it everywhere they went."   Kincaid writes about the feelings of the colonized society in A Small Place. While she expresses the feeling of the colonized, contrarily, she explains the ideas of the English colonizer. In this excerpt, she is describing Antigua, the place she grew up, and how the British changed it. She begins by explaining the English love England so much, whenever they went they turned it into England. She supports this idea in several ways. First, she gives examples of the street names in Antigua. On a tropical island in the Caribbean Sea, the streets have names such as Rodney, Hood, Hawkins and Drake Street all names of "English maritime criminals". Secondly, Kincaid continues with her description of High Street. This was the street where all of the colonial government buildings were located. The English had built an entire portion of the city that did not exist before their arrival. High Street consiste... ...his journey. For as long as he has ink he will write and after that, he will be forced to leave off (Defoe 72). Defoe did not give Friday much of a voice. However, I can draw an inference that Friday must have liked Crusoe's "English" house or he would not have stayed. We can make comparisons to Crusoe being the Colonizer and Friday was the colonized. Therefore, we can conclude, that the colonized people did like some aspects of the British colonization. In conclusion, "The English loved England so much they built it everywhere." As shown in A Small Place, A Passage to India, and Robinson Crusoe, the effects that the British had on each of their colonies will certainly last a long time. Colonies will embrace schools, libraries, Governmental buildings, banks, airports and even churches that will remain there for generations after the expiration of British rule.

SURPLUS STYLES

Derrick should take to solve his problem. Derrick should firstly identify the factors that this organic process would entail. He has to ensure that whatever adjustments in the supply chain strategy he will implement should drive and support the business strategy as a well designed supply chain can provide competitive advantage. In order to continue leveraging the competition and maintain the same path of gaining costs reductions and compete on a cost productivity advantage he can opt to increase sales volumes or utilize an efficient supply chain network.Efficient apply chain network can increase efficiency and improve productivity as such reduce overall cost per unit. He should research potential suppliers assess the cost of possible outsourcing also identify key tech oenology to assist with this new direction. Establishing and building new relationships through the supply chain will be paramount since the Strategy has now changed.Investigating the competition, possible merchants and associated costs of other suppliers should be an avenue to pursue as even though the focus was initially on costs the priorities have now shifted as organic and CEO friendly rodents are more expensive than regular products. Getting all aspects of the chain aligned and workable to fit the modified supply chain design should take precedence. Should Derrick ask for the required changes from the current suppliers? If they do not comply, should he solicit new suppliers?How might he do this? It is definitely k for Derrick to ask for the required changes from the current supplier. He has maintained and fostered a relationship with them over the years and this can also be viewed as part of building further relationships in the supply chain. If they are not familiar with organic CEO roundly products they could be afforded the first opportunity to continue business provided they are willing to facilitate the request. This can mean new future potential business for them as well.If they do not comply then he reserves the right to research and seek out other possible vendors. This new direction of organic products that the company has undertaken comes with great responsibility as the company's bottom line is dependent on it. The company with the help of Derrick has in the past successfully competed on cost and has used competitive bidding to select suppliers and award yearlong contracts. He should be able to procure the same with the new specifications and supply chain design. Should Derrick go through a competitive bid in the future?If so, should he do it for all purchased products or just some products? Based on the high level of competitive environment experienced in today's marketplace garnering a sustainable competitive advantage is definitely a priority for companies. Even though organic products are more expensive he should still try to minimize costs. Utilizing a competitive bid process in the future could be recommended for Derrick as this strategy has worked eff ectively in the past for the company. This can be used for obtaining the best products at cheaper costs.Continuing on the same path should assist him to maintain and align all factors such as costing, innovation, distribution, and product quality and customer service as part of the supply chain strategy. What are the differences when looking for suppliers to meet cost standards versus quality standards? The quality of a product is usually lacking if costs is the only thing a company is focused on. Most companies who compete on costs are only focused at offering the lowest price possible. This strategy requires going to the cheapest suppliers rather than focusing on gig quality components.

College Students vs Stress essays

College Students vs Stress essays Though going to college has its advantages, as receiving a higher education, or getting a good job, yet behind these promising aspects, students undoubtedly face stress at a young age. Midterms, finals, papers, projects, etc. are among those that put students under pressure. However, one could deal with stress by connecting himself with the world outside instead of keeping it inside until he explodes emotionally and psychologically. Several methods of connecting is having a supportive relationship with his family, a circle of friends, extracurricular activities, and free time for his own relaxation. Teenagers tend to drift farther away from their families as they grow up, yet little do they know that the best source of comfort is from their parents and siblings. When a student undergoes stress, he usually turns to his family in needs of support. He needs them to show their love, their belief in his ability to complete his work. Parents and siblings give a stressed out student the homely environment that is necessary for his mind, in a way sharing his stress. Those home cooked meals from a students mother also help alleviate the pressure he endures. In addition to family encouragement, having friends around is also an escape for the stressed student. Peer support is usually more effective in relieving anxiety. Even though parents understand how strained their child is in college, the student finds it easier to share his worries with those his age. This is because his friends also undergo stress in a similar environment as he does. Thus, it is best to give oneself some times to go out and talk to his friends. Interaction with peers helps relieving the pressure and stress that the student is suffering from. Extracurricular activities also contribute to helping a student escape from his stress. Spending several hours during a weekend to volunteer for a nursing home or to clean his neig ...

ACT English Practice Questions

ACT English Practice Questions ACT English Practice Questions The actual ACT English section of the ACT exam will have five different reading passages with 75 questions total. Here, try your hand at just one of the reading passages to see how you might fare on this multiple-choice portion of the test. Be sure to use those ACT English strategies! The set-up below is a little different than what youll see on the actual exam. Here, the questions are indicated by a number in front of the bold text youll need to address. On the exam, the numbers will be underneath the underlined portion youll need to address. Additionally, the text will be on the right with the questions on the left on the actual test.   Scroll down for answers below the questions More Than Light Itself              Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On hot and humid summer evenings, almost everyone has witnessed fireflies, also called lightning bugs, flitting around (2)  your yard or landing on a windowsill and occasionally emitting a soft glow.  Flashing on and off like flashlights or twinkling holiday lights, a firefly is just one of the many organisms that can produce (3)  its own (4)  light. This feature, known as bioluminescence or cold light, (5)  appears in nature quite often.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   All forms of light occur through a similar process. To understand this process, you must first know a little bit about atoms. Atoms are the (6)  smaller parts of elements, such as iron and  sodium, (7)  which have  the same chemical properties. The center of an atom is called the nucleus and is composed of particles called protons and neutrons. Other particles, called electrons, orbit the nucleus of an (8)  atom; just like the earth orbits the sun. The electrons orbit does not change unless the electrons are excited or energized in some way. QUESTION 9 Then, when they fall back to their normal energy level, they fall back to a lower orbit and release packets of energy called photons, (10)  which produce light. Light from a lamp or streetlight is produced when electrons are excited by heat from electricity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In bioluminescent organisms, electrons are excited by a chemical reaction, not heat, which is why the phenomenon is often referred to as cold light. The chemicals that various organisms use to create light are luciferin and luciferase. Luciferin is the substance that produces (11)  light  luciferase is the enzyme that causes the chemical reaction to begin. In the simplest terms, luciferase makes luciferin react with oxygen, which produces light.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   QUESTION 12  1 Many organisms, (13)  from bacteria and mushrooms to certain sea creatures, insects, and others are capable of producing their own light. 2 Certain fungi, such as the jack-o-lantern mushroom, can also create light. 3 The orange jack-o-lantern mushrooms are often found growing on trees in the fall. 4 Among the terrestrial creatures are fireflies, glowworms, and some centipedes and millipedes. 5 Fox fire is another type of glowing fungus, usually found growing on dead or decaying trees. 6 At night, the gills of the mushroom, found beneath the cap and partway down the stalk, emit a greenish light. ACT English Practice Questions 1.  The writer is considering deleting On hot and humid summer evenings  from the first sentence (adjusting the capitalization as needed).  If the writer were to make this change, the paragraph would primarily lose: A. an indication of the tone that will be used in the rest of the passage.   B. details that emphasize the time of year bioluminescence must  occur. C. an example of the kinds of weather imperative for bioluminescence to occur. D. nothing, because it is irrelevant to the paragraph. 2. F. NO CHANGE G. their yard or landing on a windowsill H. his or her yard or landing on a windowsill   J. your yard or landing on a windowsill 3.   A. NO CHANGE B. its   C. its D. their 4.  Which of the following is NOT an acceptable alternative for the bold portion? F. light, this feature   G. light; this feature H. light, and this feature J. light. This dramatic feature 5.The writer would like to indicate here the surprising frequency of bioluminescence. Which choice does this most effectively while maintaining the tone of the passage and the meaning of the sentence? A. actually appears in nature at a higher frequency than one might come to expect. B. actualy  appears in nature more often than you might think. C. actually appears in nature more often than it does  not. D. actually shows up in nature more than you could ever even believe. 6. F. NO CHANGE G. most small H. smallest   J. more small 7. A. NO CHANGE B. despite having the same chemical properties as the elements.   C. that has the same chemical properties as the elements that contain them. D. and have the same chemical properties as the elements that contain them. 8.   F. NO CHANGE G. atom just like H. atom, just like   J. atom:   just like 9.  Given that all the following choices are true, which choice provides the most effective transition from the preceding sentence in the paragraph to the following  one? A. When electrons absorb energy, they move to a higher orbit.   B. When electrons take in energy, they resume their normal energy level and move to the highest orbit. C. After they are energized, they move into a lower orbit. D. After they are energized, they resume their normal energy level. 10.  Which of the following is NOT an acceptable alternative to the bold  portion? F. which produce light; light from G. which produce light. Light such as that from H. that produce light. Light from J. that produce light from   11.   A. NO CHANGE B. light. Luciferase   C. light, but luciferase D. light; and luciferase 12.Which of the following sentence orders makes the paragraph the most logical? F. NO CHANGE G. 1, 4, 6, 5, 2, 3 H. 1, 4, 2, 6, 5, 3 J. 1, 4, 2, 3, 6, 5   13.   A. NO CHANGE B. from bacteria and mushrooms to certain sea creatures, insects, and others is C. from bacteria and mushrooms to certain sea creatures and insects are   D. from bacteria, mushrooms, and certain sea creatures are Questions 14 and 15 relate to the passage as a whole 14.  The writer is considering adding a statement to the beginning of the passage, clarifying the purpose for writing. Which statement LEAST emphasizes the writers purpose? F. Reading this passage will inform you of instances of bioluminescence in nature and the science behind this phenomenon. G. Although the primary cause of bioluminescence is unclear, after reading this passage, youll know a little more about the science surrounding this magical feature of nature, a few examples of it in the wild, and the chemical reactions that cause it to occur. H. After you finish reading this passage, youll be able to explain scientific data about bioluminescence and provide a few examples of this wonder in the natural world around us. J. When youve finished reading this information about bioluminescence, youll be persuaded to study the complexities of the science behind this phenomenon, and the different forms of nature preserving themselves with a bioluminescent feature.   15.  The writer would like to add a paragraph to the end of the passage challenging readers to donate money to fund research on bioluminescence in habitats around the world. Should this paragraph be added? A. Yes, because the passage is left without a conclusion, and adding a challenge to the end of this piece is a great way to create a conclusion without repeating too much information. B. Yes, because it would tie the whole point of the passage together while offering a way for readers to connect to the scientific data presented. C. No, because although the passage is left without an appropriate conclusion, adding a paragraph about donating money changes the purpose of the essay.   D. No, because the paragraph that is currently at the end sums up the passage enough for the reader to be left with information about bioluminescence that he or she didnt know prior to reading. Answers Question 1 A  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although this phrase mentions weather, the rest of the essay never indicates that bioluminescence has anything to do with the weather, which gets rid of choices B and C. D is obviously incorrect.  If you completed this question second, answering all of the easy questions first and coming back to this later, youd know that!   Question 2 H  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Here, the antecedent is  everyone, which is singular. It requires the singular  his or her, although we can all agree that youd probably use the word  their  in spoken English. Question 3 B  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Here, we need the possessive pronoun for firefly, so  its  is appropriate.  Its  is a contraction of it is.  Its  is not a word, and  their,  Choice D, changes the pronoun to plural when it must be singular. Question 4 F  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This one is tricky, because you have to figure out which one is NOT acceptable. Choice F creates a comma splice sentence, but every other choice is structurally sound. Question 5 B  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Choice A is too formal, choice C is inaccurate, and Choice D is too informal. Choice B maintains the casual tone the best. Question 6 H  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Here, the superlative form shouldve been used, which would make it smallest,   which rules out choice F. Choices G and J are never appropriate. Question 7 D  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This is a matter of an ambiguous pronoun reference. Were not sure if the pronoun  which  is referring back to atoms or the elements. Choice A is incorrect because it doesnt fix the ambiguity. Choice B creates a different meaning and doesnt fix the ambiguity. Choice C actually creates a new error by using the singular pronoun  has.   Question 8 H  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Remember that a semicolon must follow the same rules as an end mark by joining independent clauses. Here, the second clause is not independent, so a better usage is a comma and the conjunction. Question 9 A  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This sentence must join the previous and following sentences together. Since the following sentence mentions the lower orbit in the comparative sense, we have to assume that higher is what its being compared to. Question 10 J  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This is one of those NOT questions, which means you simply have to cross of the stuff that does work. Here, youre looking to form a correct sentence, so check each one by plugging in. Choice J changes the meaning of the sentences altogether, so it doesnt work. Question 11 B  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the passage, the sentence is a run-on. So, choice A is out. Choice C creates faulty meaning, and Choice D uses the semicolon improperly. Question 12 J  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The easiest way to figure this out is by underlining the topic of each sentence, and paying close attention to transitions. That way, youll logically figure out which should come next. Question 13 C  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Choice B creates another error: subject verb agreement. Choice D leaves out some information (insects), so it has to go. Choice A is wrong because the sentence isnt parallel in context. Question 14 J  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Here, youll greatly benefit from having read the entire passage. If you skimmed, youll miss out on what the author was clearly trying to do, which is to inform you about something. Since choice J says the author was trying to persuade you, it is wrong. Question 15 C  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although choices A and B indicate that the essay is missing a conclusion and it is, the reason for adding it is incorrect. That kind of a conclusion would neither tie anything together, nor would it keep the tone of the piece. Choice C indicates this.

(HSBC Holdings Plc Deutsche Bank AG)To what extent can differences in Essay

(HSBC Holdings Plc Deutsche Bank AG)To what extent can differences in the business strategy or pattern of corporate governance of these two companies be expla - Essay Example This includes, managing funds, investments, and stakeholders. The businesses operate within a complex system of interests and influences. Bebchuk et al. (1) contend that corporate governance arrangements can substantially affect shareholders. While identifying the stakeholders, the corporate are supposed to look beyond the formal structure of the organization. Therefore it is required to have a look at informal and indirect relationships as well. With growing influence of media and politics managing the corporate houses have become more challenging task. Political parties require campaign funds, while corporate houses want sympathizers in the government. In this paper an attempt has been made to study the corporate governance principles of two of the leading banks viz. HSBC and Deutsche Bank AG. Both these banks have been serving its customers over a wide range of segments and markets in different countries, while competing with each other in some of the markets. Corporate governance structures and styles vary in the environment they operate. This variation may result in the form of different countries, types of market forces, prevailing economic conditions, types of customers/ consumers available, internal as well as external environment of the country, competitors available in the market etc. Gillan (3) draws a Corporate Governance and the Balance Sheet Model of the Firm as shown below; The left hand side of the diagram depicts the elements of internal governance system, while the right hand side shows the elements of external governance with pulls and pressures from debt-holders and other stakeholders. A composite system of corporate governance takes into account both the internal as well as external factors. Therefore comparing HSBC and Deutsche bank we find that both these banks have been offering a range of services, including asset management; cash management; securities issuance and trading; and conventional banking. Both the banks serve individual as well as corporate clients. But there is lot of difference in the way these banks have formulated strategies for serving the corporate needs. At the Deutsche the corporate banking & securities division is divided into five business units namely; Global markets; Global Equities, Global Corporate Finance, Loan exposure management group (LEMG) and Global banking division. On the other hand the corporate, investment banking and markets division in HSBC is organized into three units, namely; Global markets; Corporate and investment banking; and Group investment businesses. This shows that while Deutsche prefers to place specialist workforce for special needs, HSBC prefers to have wants its managers to specialize in more than one field. One ap parent reason for this difference in strategies is because of the area of operation of both these banks. While HSBC has to its footprints over a large area in around 80 countries in five regions, Deutsche bank operates in around 75 countries, but Deutsche bank primarily operates in Germany, the rest of Europe, North America and certain parts of Asia-Pacific. Therefore the area of operation is comparatively larger for HSBC. Asia-Pacific, where HSBC has more presence is quite complex region as there are wide variations in market requirements, consumer behavior, forms of government etc. Liberalization regime that has come along with

Kierkegaards Philosophical Viewpoints on Ethics and Critics of his Essay

Kierkegaards Philosophical Viewpoints on Ethics and Critics of his Work - Essay Example The aim of this paper is to divulge into Ethics and provide more information on a chosen philosopher of this field of philosophy. For the purpose of this paper was chosen Soren Kierkegaard. Danish born he firmly supported the involvement of religion in philosophy. His ideas are progressively developed and critics, among which Hegel and the Romantics, of his ideas are laid out. Kierkegaard was born in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, in 1823 in a wealthy family. He suffered from melancholy and depression (Kemerling, 2002). His long list of works involves the most famous Fear and Trembling (1883), The Concept of Dread (1884), Concept of Irony (1841), and The Sickeness unto Death (1844). Fear and Trembling2 is the piece of work where the philosopher discusses on ethics. It deals with the aesthetic and the ethical. Having given a multidimensional dimension to all of his works Kierkegaard followed the same principle with his Ethics too. According to the philosopher "ethics" (i) is not a whole existential lever but is rather overtaken by the higher sphere of the religious life leaded and (ii) is preserved after the religious life ceases to exist. In this sense the first notion identifies with the Hegelian notion of Sittlichkeit, or rather the superseding social norms, which are the "higher power" no one is allowed oversee, pretty much like the expedition of Troy when Agamemnon had to sacrifice his daughter for the success of the mission (McDonald, 2006). In Fear and Trembling nonetheless, the philosopher also recognises responsibilities to the higher power also than prevail the social norms. The Abraham sacrifice of his son to God prevails the social norm of not killing an innocent person and not hurting his child. Abraham here finds himself in contradiction; he has to decide between the will of God and his beloved son. In this case Abraham will break the social norms on one hand and will have to give up his love for his child. His desire however to "attain the divine", commit to God and his faith and reach a religious status he commits to the "teleological suspension of the ethical", or rather stick to the commitment to the higher power rather than power social manners of conduct. On a deeper level Abraham here also needs to decide between his personal desire and God's will. The individual here needs to go beyond the aesthetical to the ethical aspect of life. The former is the earthy realization of the human life which drifts betwe en imagination and sensation, the latter is the divide which calls for decision making on grounds of commitment to God. Kierkegaard firmly contended that good and evil cannot be defined on ethical grounds but rather on God. Such distinction can only be made then on the grounds the higher power sets which may not be understandable to the individual at any point. Johannes de Silentio3 argues on the case of Abraham in Fear and Trembling that the sacrifice Abraham was required to perform cannot be termed as good or evil since it does not comply with the social norms